Resources

Proteomics Databases



Metabolomics Databases

• • Determination of Hyaluronic Acid Molecular Weight

  The determination of hyaluronic acid molecular weight is essential for evaluating its physicochemical properties and biomedical applications. Several analytical techniques are commonly employed to measure the molecular weight of high-molecular-weight polymers such as hyaluronic acid. The most frequently used methods include Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Static Light Scattering (SLS), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), each offering distinct analytical strengths depending on the specific ........

• • Determination of the Ratio of Type I Collagen to Type III Collagen

  Collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body, and the determination of the ratio of type I collagen to type III collagen is critical for understanding tissue structure and function. Collagen is widely distributed across tissues such as skin, bones, tendons, blood vessels, and teeth. Among its multiple isoforms, Type I and Type III collagen are the most prevalent, each contributing uniquely to mechanical strength and tissue elasticity. How Is the Ratio of Type I Collagen to Type III Collagen......

• • Evaluation of Drug Quality Using Infrared Spectrum Functional Group Analysis Reference Table

  Ensuring the quality and efficacy of biopharmaceuticals is a critical challenge in the development and manufacturing of biologic drugs designed to treat a wide range of diseases. To address this challenge, precise and robust analytical tools are required. Among these, the infrared spectrum functional group analysis reference table has emerged as a widely adopted method for characterizing molecular structures in pharmaceutical quality assessment. Overview of the Infrared Spectrum Functional Group Analysis...

• • Optimization and Improvement of Infrared Spectral Analysis Steps: Methods and Practices

  Infrared spectral analysis is a widely applied analytical technique for investigating the chemical composition and structural properties of substances. However, the accuracy and reliability of spectral outcomes are highly dependent on the specific procedures employed. Therefore, refining and enhancing each step of the infrared spectral analysis workflow is essential for generating reproducible and reliable data. This paper outlines the key steps involved in infrared spectral analysis and explores ..........

• • Workflow and Analytical Strategies of HPLC for Amino Acid Determination

  Amino acids are the fundamental building blocks of proteins and play a vital role in biological processes. Therefore, precise quantification and compositional analysis of amino acids are critical tasks in biopharmaceutical research. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), widely utilized in bioanalytical applications, offers high resolution, sensitivity, and throughput, making it a standard method for amino acid determination. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the HPLC workflow and .......

• • Protein Isoelectric Focusing for Isoelectric Point Determination

  Biopharmaceuticals, typically composed of proteins or peptides, have become a critical class of therapeutic agents in recent years. Among the key technologies enabling their development, protein isoelectric focusing for isoelectric point determination plays a pivotal role in achieving high-purity and functionally active protein products. During the preparation of biopharmaceuticals, the efficient separation and purification of target proteins are essential steps to ensure product quality and therapeutic....

• • Glycosylation Site Analysis: A Key Step from Structure to Function

  Glycosylation represents a crucial post-translational modification of proteins, wherein sugar moieties are covalently attached to specific amino acid residues, thereby modulating protein structure and function. In biopharmaceutical research, glycosylation site analysis constitutes a critical step for elucidating the molecular characteristics and functional implications of protein glycosylation. A comprehensive understanding of the underlying principles and methodologies of glycosylation site analysis ......

• • SUMOylation of Proteins and Amino Acid Residues

  The SUMOylation of proteins is a post-translational modification wherein Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) proteins are covalently attached to specific amino acid residues of substrate proteins, modulating their function and fate. Amino Acid Residues The canonical SUMOylation site consists of a tetrapeptide motif denoted as ψKXE, where ψ represents a hydrophobic residue, K is lysine, X is any amino acid, and E is glutamic acid. In this motif, SUMO is conjugated to the ε-amino group of the lysine ........

• • Protein-Protein Interactions

  In biology, protein-protein interactions serve as the foundation for a wide range of intracellular processes, including signal transduction, molecular transport, the maintenance of cellular structure, and numerous metabolic pathways. These interactions are typically facilitated by specific domains, may be either transient or stable, and can involve two or more proteins. Types of Protein-Protein Interactions 1. Direct Interactions Specific regions of a protein, such as structural domains or ........

• • Application and Advantages of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Protein Purity

  High-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of protein purity has become a critical tool in evaluating protein quality and biological function. In biopharmaceutical research and manufacturing, the accurate determination of protein purity is essential to ensure therapeutic safety and efficacy. This paper presents high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as a widely used method for assessing protein purity and discusses its applications and advantages in protein-related studies.