Acylation Quantitative Proteomics Services
- Metabolic Regulation Studies: Quantify dynamic changes in acylation under metabolic stress or nutrient conditions.
- Disease Mechanism Research: Investigate altered acylation patterns in cancer, cardiovascular, or neurodegenerative diseases.
- Drug Target Discovery: Identify acylation-dependent regulatory proteins involved in signaling or transcription.
- PTM Crosstalk Analysis: Explore the interplay between acylation and other PTMs such as phosphorylation or ubiquitination.
- Functional Annotation of Novel Proteins: Determine how specific acylation events modulate protein function and localization.
- Storage and Shipping: Samples should be stored at -80℃ and shipped with dry ice.
Protein acylation is a pivotal post-translational modification (PTM) involving the covalent attachment of acyl groups to lysine residues or protein N-termini. These modifications occur enzymatically or non-enzymatically and serve as key regulators of protein localization, enzymatic activity, subcellular trafficking, and interactions. Acylation plays an essential role in modulating diverse biological pathways, including energy metabolism, gene expression, immune responses, and signal transduction. Disruption of protein acylation modifications homeostasis is associated with various pathological conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndromes, and neurodegeneration. Given the complexity and dynamic nature of acyl modifications, precise identification and quantification are critical for understanding their biological functions and regulatory mechanisms.
Services at MtoZ Biolabs
MtoZ Biolabs provides comprehensive Acylation Quantitative Proteomics Services designed to uncover the dynamic landscape of protein acylation. Our platform integrates advanced LC-MS/MS instrumentation, targeted enrichment strategies, and robust bioinformatics pipelines to support both discovery-driven and hypothesis-based research. Whether you are exploring epigenetic regulation or investigating metabolic control, our services offer deep, accurate, and quantitative insights into acylation-modulated proteomes.
To support a wide range of research objectives, our service enables the identification and quantification of various acylation types, each with distinct structural features and biological implications:
💠Acetylation: The most extensively studied acylation, lysine acetylation neutralizes positive charges, affecting protein-DNA interactions, chromatin dynamics, and transcriptional regulation, particularly in histones and transcription factors.
💠Butyrylation: Similar to acetylation but involving a longer four-carbon chain, butyrylation modulates gene expression and may play unique roles in metabolic regulation and chromatin remodeling.
💠Succinylation: Introducing a bulky, negatively charged succinyl group, this modification significantly alters protein conformation and function. It is frequently observed in mitochondrial enzymes and TCA cycle components.
💠Farnesylation: A lipid-based acylation where a 15-carbon isoprenoid is attached to cysteine residues, farnesylation facilitates membrane anchoring and is critical for the localization and function of Ras-family GTPases.
💠Myristoylation: A lipid acylation modification involving the attachment of a myristoyl group to glycine residues, promoting membrane binding and protein-protein interactions, especially in signaling pathways.
💠Pantothenylation: This rare modification involves the conjugation of a pantothenic acid moiety, influencing protein stability and potentially modulating Coenzyme A-dependent metabolic processes.
💠Palmitoylation: The reversible attachment of a 16-carbon palmitoyl group to cysteine residues, palmitoylation regulates membrane association, trafficking, and signaling of numerous proteins.
💠Propionylation: Occurring on lysine residues, this short-chain acylation modulates chromatin structure and is linked to metabolic states influenced by short-chain fatty acids.
💠Hexanoylation: A medium-chain fatty acid modification, hexanoylation may alter protein hydrophobicity and stability, though its functional roles remain under active investigation.
💠Formylation: Involving the addition of a one-carbon formyl group, this modification may arise from oxidative stress and has been implicated in chromatin regulation and cellular aging processes.
Analysis Workflow
1. Protein Extraction
Proteins are extracted using acylation-compatible buffers to prevent loss or artificial modification of labile acyl groups.
2. Enzymatic Digestion
Proteins are digested into peptides using trypsin and/or other proteases under conditions optimized for acylation preservation.
3. Acylated Peptide Enrichment
Targeted enrichment is performed using acylation-specific antibodies or chemical affinity methods, depending on the modification type.
4. LC-MS/MS Analysis
Peptides are analyzed by high-resolution LC-MS/MS platforms to detect and quantify site-specific acyl modifications.
5. Data Processing
Advanced software pipelines are used to identify peptides, localize acylation sites, and perform quantitative analysis with stringent quality control.
6. Bioinformatics Analysis
Functional annotation, pathway mapping, motif analysis, and regulatory network modeling are conducted to interpret the biological significance of acylation events.
Figure 1. Workflows for Acylation Quantitative Proteomics Services
Service Advantages
✔️Extensive Experience: Expert team with deep knowledge in PTMs and quantitative proteomics.
✔️Customizable Enrichment Strategies: Tailored enrichment protocols for various acylation types to ensure specificity and coverage.
✔️Advanced Instrumentation: High-resolution LC-MS/MS systems for accurate identification and quantification.
✔️Integrated Workflow: From sample preparation to bioinformatics, we offer end-to-end service under strict quality control.
✔️Broad Modification Coverage: Capable of profiling a wide range of acylation types, including rare and low-abundance modifications.
Applications
Sample Submission Suggestions
*Note: If you have specific requirements or need guidance on sample preparation, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Deliverables
1. Comprehensive Experimental Details
2. Materials, Instruments, and Methods
3. Total Ion Chromatogram & Quality Control Assessment (project-dependent)
4. Data Analysis, Preprocessing, and Estimation (project-dependent)
5. Bioinformatics Analysis
6. Raw Data Files
Related Services
Post-Translational Modifications Proteomics Service
Quantitative Ubiquitinomics Service
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