Saliva Proteomics Service

Saliva proteomics offers a comprehensive approach to studying the protein composition and dynamics within saliva, aiming to understand its biological functions and associations with health and disease. By leveraging advanced high-resolution mass spectrometry and bioinformatics tools, saliva proteomics enables the precise identification and quantification of proteins, including low-abundance and differentially expressed ones. Unlike traditional samples such as blood or tissue, saliva is easy to collect, non-invasive, and cost-effective, making it an ideal medium for diagnostics and biomarker discovery. Saliva proteomics provides valuable insights into the physiological and pathological processes occurring in the body, as saliva reflects systemic and localized conditions. Saliva proteomics holds immense potential in addressing critical challenges in disease diagnosis and monitoring. It enables the identification of biomarkers linked to conditions such as diabetes, COVID-19, cancer, and oral diseases, offering a non-invasive alternative to traditional diagnostic methods. Additionally, saliva proteomics can reveal molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathology, aiding in the discovery of therapeutic targets and advancing precision medicine.

 



Grassl, N. et al. Genome Med. 2016.

Figure 1. Workflow for Ultra-Deep and Quantitative Saliva Proteomics

 

MtoZ Biolabs, an integrated Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (MS) Services Provider, provides advanced proteomics, metabolomics, and biopharmaceutical analysis services to researchers in biochemistry, biotechnology, and biopharmaceutical fields. Our ultimate aim is to provide more rapid, high-throughput, and cost-effective analysis, with exceptional data quality and minimal sample consumption. MtoZ Biolabs offers professional saliva proteomics service utilizing advanced high-resolution mass spectrometry, combined with well-established sample processing and protein identification workflows to ensure highly accurate and reliable results. Our team consists of experienced mass spectrometry experts and bioinformatics analysts with strong technical expertise and extensive project experience. Over the years, we have successfully completed numerous saliva proteomics projects, providing efficient and comprehensive research support to our clients. If you are interested in our service, please contact us freely.

 

Service Advantages

1. High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Technology  

MtoZ Biolabs utilizes advanced high-resolution mass spectrometry instruments (such as Thermo Fisher Orbitrap Fusion Lumos and Q Exactive HF) combined with a Nano-LC system to ensure precise identification and quantification of low-abundance and differentially expressed proteins in saliva samples, uncovering molecular changes related to diseases.

 

2. Professional Bioinformatics Analysis  

We offer professional bioinformatics analysis, including functional annotation, pathway enrichment, and network construction of differentially expressed proteins, helping researchers identify disease-associated biomarkers, aiding in disease diagnosis, treatment evaluation, and therapeutic target discovery.

 

3. Comprehensive Services  

MtoZ Biolabs' saliva proteomics service can be applied to research on various diseases, including diabetes, cancer, and oral diseases. By using non-invasive saliva sampling, we provide efficient and reliable proteomics solutions, supporting personalized medicine and preventive treatment research.

 

Case Study

1. Saliva Proteomics Analysis Offers Insights on Type 1 Diabetes Pathology in a Pediatric Population

The composition of the salivary proteome is influenced by pathological conditions. Researchers analyzed saliva samples collected from children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls using high-resolution mass spectrometry. A comprehensive characterization of the salivary proteome was achieved, with a list of over 2,000 high-confidence protein identifications. Patients with well-regulated blood glucose showed comparable proteomic profiles to healthy individuals. In contrast, a significant number of differentially expressed proteins were found in the saliva of poorly regulated patients compared to both well-regulated patients and healthy children. These proteins are involved in biological processes associated with diabetes pathology, such as endothelial damage and inflammation. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis of the dysregulated salivary proteins identified a putative preventive therapeutic approach. Thus, the thorough characterization of salivary proteins in pediatric diabetic patients establishes a connection between molecular changes and disease pathology. This saliva proteomics and bioinformatics approach highlights the potential of saliva diagnostics in diabetes pathology and paves the way for preventive treatment of the disease.

 



Pappa, E. et al. Front Physiol. 2018.

Figure 2. Saliva Proteomics and Bioinformatic Analysis of Saliva Samples

 

2. Proteomic Analysis of Human Saliva via Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry

For the first time, proteomics analysis of human saliva samples was performed using a biocompatible solid-phase microextraction (bio-SPME) device. By incorporating porogens into the traditional C18 coating, porous C18/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) SPME blades were able to extract peptides up to 3.0 kDa and extract more peptides compared to commercial SPME blades. Following trypsin digestion, saliva proteomics analysis was conducted via SPME LC-MS/MS. Seven endogenous proteins were consistently identified in all saliva samples using bio-SPME. This strategy was applied to compare saliva samples from healthy individuals and SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals using untargeted peptidomics. The results revealed significant peptidomic differences between viral and healthy saliva samples. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential of bio-SPME-LC-MS/MS for peptidomics and proteomics research in biomedical applications.

 



Jiang, RW. et al. Anal Chem. 2024.

Figure 3. Total Ion Chromatograms (TICs) Obtained From Healthy Controls and SARS-CoV-2-Positive Saliva Samples

 

Applications

1. Disease Diagnosis and Early Detection: Saliva proteomics can identify disease-associated biomarkers by analyzing differentially expressed proteins and peptides, enabling non-invasive diagnosis and early screening for various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.

 

2. Drug Action and Toxicity Research: By analyzing the dynamic changes in salivary proteins, saliva proteomics can monitor biological responses and side effects of drug treatments, providing critical insights for drug development and efficacy evaluation.

 

3. Personalized Medicine and Targeted Therapy: Comprehensive analysis of protein expression profiles in saliva samples can uncover proteins associated with specific disease mechanisms, laying the foundation for designing personalized treatment plans and discovering therapeutic targets.

 

FAQ

Q1: How can saliva proteomics be used to uncover the molecular mechanisms of specific diseases (such as diabetes or COVID-19) and identify diagnostic biomarkers with clinical value?

Answer: Saliva proteomics holds great potential in uncovering the molecular mechanisms of diseases and identifying diagnostic biomarkers. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, we can accurately identify differentially expressed proteins in saliva and, through bioinformatics analysis, delve into their roles in inflammatory responses, immune regulation, and metabolic dysregulation, thereby elucidating disease mechanisms. However, biomarkers with true diagnostic value must be validated for specificity and sensitivity across diverse populations and pathological conditions. Further integration with multi-omics approaches and machine learning can enhance the efficiency of biomarker discovery, providing a solid foundation for precision medicine and non-invasive diagnostics.

 

Deliverables

1. Comprehensive Experimental Details

2. Materials, Instruments, and Methods

3. Relevant Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Parameters

4. The Detailed Information of Saliva Proteomics

5. Mass Spectrometry Image

6. Raw Data