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    Protein Characterization Assays Service

      The Protein Characterization Assays Service is an advanced analytical service designed to provide comprehensive insights into the molecular composition, structure, and function of proteins. Proteins play a central role in virtually all biological processes, and understanding their characteristics is essential for fields such as drug discovery, disease research, and biotechnology. The Protein Characterization Assays Service provides crucial data that aids in the development of therapeutic proteins, understanding disease mechanisms, identifying biomarkers, and optimizing protein production processes. 

       

      Service at MtoZ Biolabs

      MtoZ Biolabs offers the Protein Characterization Assays Service to assist researchers in gaining a deeper understanding of their protein samples. This service employs a range of high-end techniques, including mass spectrometry (MS), liquid chromatography (LC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electrophoresis, and more, to characterize proteins at multiple levels. Our Protein Characterization Assays Service allows us to determine protein identity, molecular weight, purity, post-translational modifications (PTMs), and interactions with other biomolecules. By applying state-of-the-art technologies, we ensure that our clients receive accurate, reliable, and high-quality results to drive their research forward.

       

      1. Protein Purity Analysis

      Protein purity is a critical parameter for the successful application of proteins in therapeutic, industrial, and research settings. The Protein Characterization Assays Service uses SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and other advanced technologies to assess protein purity and integrity. SDS-PAGE separates proteins based on their molecular weight, providing a clear profile of protein bands, which helps in detecting contaminants and verifying the presence of a single target protein. SEC further separates proteins based on size and is used to determine aggregate content, ensuring that the purified protein meets the required quality standards for further applications.

       

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      Figure 1. The Theory behind Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC)

       

      2. Molecular Weight Determination

      Molecular weight determination is a fundamental step in Protein Characterization Assays Service, enabling the confirmation of protein identity and structure. Mass spectrometry (MS) is primarily used to accurately measure the mass-to-charge ratio of protein ions, allowing for precise molecular weight calculation. The use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) or electrospray ionization (ESI) enables high sensitivity in detecting intact proteins or peptides, even from complex mixtures. By comparing the measured mass with known protein sequences or databases, this technique offers a powerful method for confirming the presence of target proteins.

       

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      Lin, Y. et al. Dig Dis Sci. 2009.

       

      Figure 2. MALDI-MS and ESI-MS Procedures

       

      3. Protein Structure Identification

      The Protein Characterization Assays Service utilizes techniques like X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry-based structural analysis to examine protein structure. These methods provide detailed insights into protein folding, secondary structure, and three-dimensional conformation. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) coupled with mass spectrometry is another technique used to probe protein conformational dynamics. Structural insights are critical for understanding protein functionality, enzyme mechanisms, and interactions with ligands or other biomolecules.

       

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      Büttner, F. M. et al. Int J Med Microbiol. 2015.

       

      Figure 3. Workflow of X-Ray Crystallography Protein Structure Determination

       

      4. Post-Translational Modification (PTM) Analysis

      PTMs are crucial for regulating protein function and activity. The Protein Characterization Assays Service uses liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and high-resolution MS to detect and characterize PTMs such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination. The precise mapping of PTMs is achieved by analyzing peptides derived from protein digestion and comparing the observed modifications against known modification sites. This provides insights into how PTMs influence protein activity, stability, localization, and interactions.

       

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      Heitel, P. et al. Molecules. 2023.

       

      Figure 4. Common Types of PTMs

       

      5. Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Analysis

      Understanding the interactions between proteins is essential for elucidating biological pathways and drug target identification. The Protein Characterization Assays Service includes advanced methods such as co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), pull-down assays, and proximity labeling techniques like miniTurbo proximity labeling to investigate protein-protein interactions (PPIs). These assays capture and enrich interacting partners of the target protein, followed by analysis using mass spectrometry (MS) to identify and quantify the interacting proteins. These techniques enable the characterization of dynamic and transient interactions that are critical for signaling networks, cellular processes, and drug discovery.

       

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      Smith, R. J. et al. STAR Protoc. 2023.

       

      Figure 5. Workflow for Pull-Down Assays

       

      Service Advantages

      1. Advanced Analysis Platform: MtoZ Biolabs established an advanced Protein Characterization Assays Service platform, guaranteeing reliable, fast, and highly accurate analysis service.

      2. One-Time-Charge: Our pricing is transparent, no hidden fees or additional costs.

      3. Customizable Service: Tailored service to suit specific research needs.

      4. Fast Turnaround: The process from sample handling to report generation is efficient, shortening the analysis cycle.

       

      Applications

      MtoZ Biolabs' Protein Characterization Assays Service is applicable in various sectors including but not limited to:

      • Biomarker identification and validation
      • Structural and functional studies of proteins
      • Enzyme activity and stability assays
      • Recombinant protein validation
      • Therapeutic protein characterization

       

      Deliverables

      1. Experimental Procedures

      2. Relevant Mass Spectrometry Parameters

      3. Detailed Information on Protein Characterization Assays

      4. Mass Spectrometry Images

      5. Raw Data

       

      MtoZ Biolabs' Protein Characterization Assays Service is designed to provide more rapid, high-throughput, and cost-effective analysis, with exceptional data quality and minimal sample consumption. Free project evaluation, welcome to learn more details.

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