Where Does the Glycosylation of Proteins Occur? Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum or Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
The glycosylation of proteins primarily occurs in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with numerous ribosomes, which serve as the sites of protein synthesis. As proteins are synthesized by ribosomes, they are translocated into the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, where glycosylation takes place. This modification process involves the attachment of sugar chains to the newly synthesized proteins.
In contrast, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), which lacks ribosomes, is mainly involved in lipid synthesis, calcium ion storage, and drug metabolism, and does not participate in the glycosylation of proteins.
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