What Are the Methods for Detecting Serum Metabolomics Indicators?
Serum metabolomics is a field of study that investigates metabolic profiles by analyzing small-molecule metabolites in serum. This approach provides critical insights into biochemical processes and disease states. The primary detection indicators and analytical methods in serum metabolomics are outlined below.
Detection Indicators
1. Small-Molecule Metabolites
Key metabolic components, including amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, nucleotides, and vitamins.
2. Energy Metabolites
Molecules involved in cellular energy metabolism, such as glucose and lactate.
3. Lipid Metabolites
Lipid-related compounds, including triglycerides and cholesterol.
4. Oxidative Stress Markers
Biomolecules indicative of oxidative stress, such as glutathione and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
5. Biomarkers
Metabolites associated with specific pathological conditions, which serve as diagnostic and prognostic indicators for disease monitoring.
Analytical Methods
1.Mass Spectrometry (MS)
MS is one of the most widely employed techniques in metabolomics, enabling the precise identification and quantification of small-molecule metabolites in serum, such as lipids, amino acids, and metabolic intermediates.
2.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
NMR provides comprehensive metabolic profiling by detecting and quantifying various metabolites in serum, including fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. Additionally, it offers molecular structural insights without requiring extensive sample preparation, making it particularly useful for complex sample analysis.
3.Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
GC-MS integrates the high-resolution separation capability of gas chromatography with the sensitivity of mass spectrometry. It is particularly suited for detecting volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds.
4.Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS)
LC-MS is a powerful tool for analyzing non-volatile, polar, and thermally unstable metabolites. It is widely applied in biological metabolite profiling due to its high sensitivity and broad compound coverage.
By leveraging advanced analytical platforms, serum metabolomics provides a powerful means of understanding metabolic alterations in physiological and pathological conditions, thereby contributing to disease diagnosis, biomarker discovery, and therapeutic development.
MtoZ Biolabs, an integrated chromatography and mass spectrometry (MS) services provider.
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