Resources

Proteomics Databases



Metabolomics Databases

• • Protein-Protein Interactions

  In biology, protein-protein interactions serve as the foundation for a wide range of intracellular processes, including signal transduction, molecular transport, the maintenance of cellular structure, and numerous metabolic pathways. These interactions are typically facilitated by specific domains, may be either transient or stable, and can involve two or more proteins. Types of Protein-Protein Interactions 1. Direct Interactions Specific regions of a protein, such as structural domains or ........

• • SUMOylation of Proteins and Amino Acid Residues

  The SUMOylation of proteins is a post-translational modification wherein Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) proteins are covalently attached to specific amino acid residues of substrate proteins, modulating their function and fate. Amino Acid Residues The canonical SUMOylation site consists of a tetrapeptide motif denoted as ψKXE, where ψ represents a hydrophobic residue, K is lysine, X is any amino acid, and E is glutamic acid. In this motif, SUMO is conjugated to the ε-amino group of the lysine ........

• • Application and Advantages of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Protein Purity

  High-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of protein purity has become a critical tool in evaluating protein quality and biological function. In biopharmaceutical research and manufacturing, the accurate determination of protein purity is essential to ensure therapeutic safety and efficacy. This paper presents high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as a widely used method for assessing protein purity and discusses its applications and advantages in protein-related studies.

• • Exploring the Microscopic World of Proteins: Multiple Methods for Determining Protein Molecular Weigh

  Determining protein molecular weight is essential for understanding the biochemical and structural roles proteins play as some of the most biologically significant macromolecules in living organisms. Proteins participate in regulating vital cellular processes, and their functional mechanisms are closely tied to their molecular mass. However, due to the intrinsic complexity and heterogeneity of proteins, determining protein molecular weight remains a major challenge in the field of biopharmaceuticals.

• • Optimization and Improvement of High-Efficiency SEC-HPLC for Protein Purity Detection

  Accurate determination of protein purity is essential for ensuring the quality and safety of biopharmaceuticals, and high-efficiency SEC-HPLC for protein purity detection has become a key analytical strategy in this field. High-efficiency size exclusion chromatography coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (SEC-HPLC) is a widely employed method for assessing protein purity, based on the principle of size-based separation in a molecular sieving column. This article outlines the principles.......

• • Exploring Multiple Methods and Techniques for Determining the Relative Molecular Mass of Proteins

  Determining the relative molecular mass of proteins is fundamental to understanding their structure, function, and role in biological systems. Proteins are essential components of living organisms and play a crucial role in sustaining biological processes. To gain a deeper understanding of these macromolecules, scientists have developed a variety of methods for determining the relative molecular mass of proteins. Commonly used techniques include mass spectrometry, gel electrophoresis, and optical methods.

• • Determination of Protein Purity Levels

  The determination of protein purity is a critical step in protein research. Common methods used for assessing protein purity include SDS-PAGE, absolute quantification techniques such as amino acid analysis, and relative quantification approaches such as the Bradford, Lowry, and BCA assays. SDS-PAGE SDS-PAGE is the most widely used technique for analyzing protein purity. It separates proteins based on their molecular weight, producing distinct bands on the gel. A highly pure protein typically appears as.....

• • Phosphorylation Site Prediction Online Websites

  Phosphorylation site prediction plays a crucial role in bioinformatics and is primarily used to investigate protein phosphorylation. It enables researchers to better understand protein functions and contributes to the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Below are several widely used phosphorylation site prediction online websites: 1. GPS (Group-based Prediction System) GPS is a group-based prediction platform designed to identify potential phosphorylation sites in proteins. As one of the...........

• • Data Analysis of Protein Mass Spectrometry

  Data analysis of protein mass spectrometry typically includes interpreting the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z values) and relative intensity of detected ions, which together provide critical insights into the mass and structural characteristics of proteins. The following provides a brief overview of how to interpret protein mass spectrometry data: Basic Components of Protein Mass Spectrometry Data 1. Protein Mass Spectrometry Data Generally Consist of Two Components the mass spectrum and the peptide list.

• • Component Analysis of Amino Acids in Mixed Samples

  The component analysis of amino acids in mixed samples is essential for understanding protein composition and function in biological systems. Amino acids play critical roles in numerous biological activities and biochemical processes. As the fundamental building blocks of proteins, they contribute to a wide range of cellular functions, including catalyzing biochemical reactions, maintaining structural integrity, facilitating signal transduction, and regulating gene expression. Therefore, determining the....