Exosome Purification Service

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter ranging from 30 to 150 nm, actively secreted by various cell types, and widely present in body fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva. As key mediators of intercellular communication, exosomes carry bioactive molecules from the source cell, including proteins, nucleic acids (such as mRNA, miRNA), lipids, and DNA fragments. They play a critical role in immune regulation, tumor metastasis, tissue repair, and other physiological and pathological processes. Due to their potential in disease diagnostics, prognostic monitoring, and drug delivery, exosomes have become one of the core directions in biomedical research.

 

However, the nanoscale size, heterogeneity, and sample contaminants (such as free proteins, lipoproteins, and cell debris) make efficient purification a significant challenge. The purification technique directly determines the integrity, functional activity, and accuracy of downstream analysis, affecting the credibility and translational value of research findings.

 

Services at MtoZ Biolabs

MtoZ Biolabs offers professional Exosome Purification Service leveraging advanced separation technologies and stringent quality control systems to meet both research and clinical needs. We provide a comprehensive solution from sample preparation to high-purity exosome isolation, covering the following core technologies:  

1. Differential Ultracentrifugation (UC): Removes cell debris and large vesicles step by step, isolating exosomes in the 30-150 nm range (centrifugal force: 10,000×g to 120,000×g).  

2. Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (DG-UC): Uses sucrose or iodixanol gradient medium to separate exosomes with a density of 1.13-1.19 g/mL, significantly reducing lipoprotein contamination (purity ≥90%).  

3. Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC): Non-adsorptive purification based on size differences between exosomes and other molecules, preserving membrane integrity for subsequent functional studies.  

4. Combination Optimization Protocols: Custom “centrifugation + chromatography” or “ultrafiltration + precipitation” protocols are designed to balance yield and purity based on different sample types (serum, cell culture supernatant, cerebrospinal fluid, etc.).

 

Analysis Workflow  

1. Sample Preprocessing  

• Sample Type Adaptation: Design pre-filtration processes to remove cell debris and free proteins based on the sample type (e.g., plasma, urine, cell culture medium).  
• Stability Control: Add protease inhibitors and ensure low-temperature cold chain transportation to prevent exosome degradation.

 

2. Primary Separation  

Differential Ultracentrifugation: Remove large particle impurities (such as cell debris and apoptotic bodies).

 

3. High-Precision Purification  

• Protocol A: Density gradient ultracentrifugation (suitable for micro samples, such as cerebrospinal fluid).  
• Protocol B: Ultrafiltration concentration + size exclusion chromatography (adapted for functional activity studies).

 

4. Quality Control Analysis  

• Particle Characterization (NTA): Measure particle size distribution (30-150 nm) and Zeta potential.  
• Marker Verification (WB/ELISA): Detect exosome-specific proteins such as Alix, TSG101, CD9.  
• Morphological Confirmation (TEM): Observe typical "cup-shaped" structures to ensure exosome integrity.

 

5. Downstream Compatibility  

• Standardized Cryopreservation: Provide -80°C frozen exosome suspensions (optional lysis treatment) for proteomics, RNA sequencing, and functional assays.  
• Data Integrity: Full separation report including concentration, purity, marker validation images, and electron microscopy images.

 



Matsuzaka, Y. et al. Membranes (Basel). 2022.

Figure 1. The Exosome Purification by Ultracentrifugation and Immunoprecipitation Using Antibody

 

Service Advantages  

1. Technology Platform-Flexibly Matching Needs  

• Covers traditional (UC, DG) and emerging technologies (affinity capture, microfluidics).  
• Supports efficient separation from as low as 0.5 mL plasma samples.

 

2. Dual Guarantee of Purity and Yield  

Uses gradient separation combined with affinity purification technology, ensuring <5% impurity contamination and exosome recovery rates over 80% (based on NTA quantification).

 

3. Personalized Customization Services  

• Custom lysis protocols or preservation of complete vesicles according to downstream experimental needs (e.g., drug delivery research, proteomics).  
• Special treatment for clinical samples: lipid removal pre-treatment for hyperlipidemia patients’ plasma, etc.

 

Applications  

• Cancer Liquid Biopsy: Isolate tumor-derived exosomes (e.g., EpCAM+) from plasma, analyze PD-L1 expression levels to assess immune therapy response.  
• Neurological Disease Research: Exosome isolation from cerebrospinal fluid, enriching neuron-specific markers (e.g., L1CAM), exploring Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers.  
• Drug Delivery Development: Utilize the natural targeting ability of exosomes to provide high-purity carriers for gene/drug loading verification.

 

Deliverables

1. High-purity exosome suspensions (concentration ≥1×10^10 particles/mL).  

2. Cryopreservation solution and usage instructions.  

3. Particle size distribution, marker Western blot verification images.  

4. Morphological validation: TEM images and analysis.  

5. Protein quantification: BCA total protein quantification, semi-quantitative analysis of markers.  

6. Personalized analysis: Exosome subpopulation sorting.

 

Exosome functional analysis and translational applications heavily rely on their purity and biological activity. MtoZ Biolabs provides efficient, reliable exosome preparation services through a mature purification technology platform, flexible customization strategies, and strict quality management systems. Whether exploring disease mechanisms or developing novel diagnostic tools, we aim to be your trusted partner in advancing exosome science. Contact us and begin your exosome research journey!