Classification of Serotonylated Histones Within Post-Translational Modification Types
5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, also known as serotonin) modification of histones is classified as serotonylation, a distinct form of post-translational modification (PTM) that has gained increasing attention in recent years. Serotonylation involves the covalent attachment of serotonin molecules to specific amino acid residues on proteins, such as the formation of an amide bond with glutamate residues. This type of modification plays a role in regulating various physiological processes in living organisms, including cell signaling and gene expression.
This modification primarily occurs on nuclear proteins and is implicated in the regulation of gene transcription. The unique properties of 5-HT modification enable it to influence cellular functions in specific ways. For instance, serotonylation can alter histone conformation, thereby modulating their interaction with DNA and ultimately affecting transcriptional activity. Recent studies have also suggested that 5-HT modification may be involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including neural function, cardiovascular regulation, and tumor progression.
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